PDI Salesforce Certified Platform Developer 1 (WI25) Questions and Answers

To add an additional layer of validation for email addresses on Lead records by using automation and possibly an external validation service, the best solution is to use a custom Lightning Web Component (LWC).

Option C: Use a custom Lightning Web Component to make a callout to validate the fields on a third-party system

Real-Time Validation: An LWC can perform client-side validation and make callouts to external systems to validate the email address as the user inputs data.

User Experience: Provides immediate feedback to the user, improving data quality at the point of entry.

Limitations: This solution works when data is entered through the UI using the LWC component.

When saving records using a custom controller in a Visualforce page, validation rule violations can occur. To display these validation error messages to the user, the developer should use the component.

Option A: Include <apex:messages> on the Visualforce page.

Correct Approach.

Explanation:

The component displays all messages that were generated for all components on the page, including validation rule violations.

When a DML operation is performed, any validation errors are automatically added to the ApexPages message collection.

Including in the page ensures that these messages are displayed to the user.

Example:

Executing Anonymous Apex code is useful for running ad-hoc operations or administrative tasks in Salesforce.

Option A: To run a batch Apex class to update all Contacts

Valid Use Case.

Explanation:

Anonymous Apex can be used to initiate a batch Apex job.

The developer can write code in the Execute Anonymous window to instantiate and execute the batch class.

Example:

Database.executeBatch(new UpdateContactsBatchClass());

When using the @InvocableMethod annotation in Apex, there are specific considerations to keep in mind:

Option A: Only one method using the @InvocableMethod annotation can be defined per Apex class.

True.

Explanation:

An Apex class can contain only one method annotated with @InvocableMethod.

This ensures that when the class is invoked from a flow or process, there is no ambiguity about which method to execute.

Option C: Handle low-level events in the event handler and re-fire them as higher-level events.

True.

Explanation:

It's a best practice to encapsulate lower-level events and re-emit them as higher-level, application-specific events to decouple components and simplify event handling.

To allow partial success when inserting a list of records, the developer should use the Database class methods with the allOrNone parameter set to false.

Option B: Database.insert(records, false)

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

The Database.insert() method allows for partial processing.

By setting the second parameter (allOrNone) to false, the operation will attempt to insert all records.

If some records fail, the successful ones will be committed, and the errors can be examined from the result.

Usage:

Database.SaveResult[] results = Database.insert(records, false);

for (Database.SaveResult sr : results) {

if (sr.isSuccess()) {

// Record inserted successfully

} else {

// Handle errors

for (Database.Error err : sr.getErrors()) {

System.debug(err.getMessage());

}

}

}

In Lightning Web Components (LWC), communication between parent and child components can be achieved in several ways.

Option A: The parent component can use a public property to pass the data to the child component.

Correct Method.

Explanation:

The child component can declare a public property using the @api decorator.

The parent component can then pass data to the child component via this property in the template.

Example:

Child Component (childComponent.js):

import { LightningElement, api } from 'lwc';

export default class ChildComponent extends LightningElement {

@api

myProperty;

}

Parent Component Template (parentComponent.html):

Using Database.insert with allOrNone=false allows partial success in DML operations.

Option D: Use the Database method with allOrNone set to false.

Records that cause errors are not inserted.

Successful records are committed.

Prevents the entire batch from failing.

Why Not Other Options:

Option A: Deactivating the trigger is not practical.

Option B: Removing the class from the profile may cause other issues.

Option C: A try-catch block won't prevent the batch from failing.

References:

Database Methods:

"Use the Database DML methods to specify whether or not to allow partial record processing."— Apex Developer Guide: Using the Database Class

To prevent duplicate Order records from being created when updates come from the OMS:

Option B: Use the order number from the OMS as an external ID.

Explanation: Setting the Order Number as an External ID allows Salesforce to recognize records based on this unique identifier during upsert operations.

Option D: Ensure that the order number in the OMS is unique.

Explanation: Having a unique Order Number in the OMS ensures that each order can be accurately identified and matched in Salesforce.

Why These Actions Prevent Duplicates:

By using upsert with the External ID, the integration can update existing orders instead of creating new ones.

// Example of upsert operation using External ID

upsert orderRecord Order_Number__c;



In Lightning Web Components (LWC), custom events are used for communication between components. The two characteristics that are true for LWC custom events are:

Option A: Data may be passed in the payload of a custom event using a property called detail.

Explanation: When dispatching a custom event in LWC, you can pass data using the detail property of the event. This allows the parent component to access any data emitted by the child component.

// Child component JavaScript

const myEvent = new CustomEvent('myevent', {

detail: { data: 'Some data' }

});

this.dispatchEvent(myEvent);

Since users can see Accounts they do not own in a private sharing model, the custom Apex code is likely not enforcing sharing rules. To enforce sharing permissions, the developer should use the with sharing keyword on the class declaration.

with sharing Keyword: This enforces the sharing rules of the current user, ensuring that the Apex class respects the user's record-level access permissions.

"Use the with sharing keyword when declaring a class to enforce the sharing rules that apply to the current user."— Apex Developer Guide: Using the with sharing or without sharing Keywords

Private Sharing Model: In a private sharing model, users should only see records they own or have been shared with them.

"Private: Only the record owner and users above that role in the hierarchy can view, edit, and report on those records."— Salesforce Help: Organization-Wide Sharing Defaults

Why Not Other Options:

A. Use the schema describe calls to determine if the logged-in user has access to the Account object: Schema describe calls check for object-level access, not record-level sharing.

"Schema describe information provides metadata about object and field properties, but it doesn't enforce record-level access."— Apex Developer Guide: Schema Namespace

C. Use the without sharing keyword on the class declaration: This runs the class in system context, ignoring sharing rules, which is the opposite of what's needed.

"Classes declared as without sharing or those that do not specify a keyword default to without sharing and don't enforce the sharing rules of the current user."— Apex Developer Guide: Using the with sharing or without sharing Keywords

D. Use the UserInfo Apex class to filter all SOQL queries to return records owned by the logged-in user: Manually filtering queries is error-prone and not a best practice when with sharing can enforce sharing automatically.

"Avoid hardcoding user or profile IDs and using the UserInfo class to enforce security. Instead, use declarative security features."— Apex Developer Guide: Enforcing Security in Apex

Conclusion: By declaring the class with with sharing, the Apex code respects the user's sharing rules, ensuring that users only see Accounts they have access to.

Option A: The Apex governor limits are reset for each iteration of the execute() method.

True.

Explanation:

In Batch Apex, each execution of the execute() method is a separate transaction.

Governor limits are reset at the start of each transaction.

Option D: Use Test.getStandardPricebookId() to get the standard price book ID.

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

The Test.getStandardPricebookId() method returns the ID of the standard price book, which can be used in test classes without using SeeAllData=true.

This allows the test to access and use the standard price book in a controlled manner.

When deploying Apex code to a production environment, certain requirements must be met regarding test coverage and annotations.

Option B: Apex classes must have at least 75% code coverage org-wide.

Correct Requirement.

Explanation:

Salesforce requires that all Apex classes and triggers have a combined code coverage of at least 75% before deployment to production.

This means that, across all Apex code in the org, at least 75% of the code must be covered by test methods.

To make a Lightning Web Component (LWC) available in Salesforce Classic, you can embed it in a Visualforce page using Lightning Out.

Option D: Use the Lightning Out JavaScript library to embed the Lightning Web Component in a Visualforce page and add to the page layout.

Lightning Out allows LWCs to be embedded in Visualforce pages.

The Visualforce page can then be included in Salesforce Classic interfaces.

Why Not Other Options:

Option A: Visualforce components cannot directly contain LWCs.

Option B: Wrapping an LWC in an Aura component and surfacing it as a Visualforce tab doesn't make it available on page layouts.

Option C: You cannot invoke an LWC from a Visualforce page using an Apex method call.

References:

Lightning Out for Visualforce:

"Lightning Out is a feature that extends Lightning components to any web page. Use it to embed Lightning web components in a Visualforce page."— Lightning Web Components Dev Guide: Use Lightning Web Components in Visualforce Pages

Lightning Web Components (LWC) can access various Salesforce resources.

Option B: SVG resources

Accessible.

Explanation:

LWCs can include SVG files to define custom icons for the component.

The SVG file is placed in the component bundle with the name componentName.svg.

To perform DML operations that insert new records and update existing records in a list of Order__c records using the external ID field Order_Number__c, you should use:

Option D: upsert orders Order_Number__c;

Upsert Statement:

The upsert DML operation either inserts or updates records based on whether they already exist.

By specifying the external ID field (Order_Number__c), Salesforce will match existing records based on this field.

Syntax:

upsert orders Order_Number__c;

orders is the list of Order__c records.

Order_Number__c is the external ID field used for matching.

In the provided code snippet:

Boolean isOK;

Integer x;

String theString = 'Hello';

if (isOK == false && theString == 'Hello') {

x = 1;

} else if (isOK == true && theString == 'Hello') {

x = 2;

} else if (isOK != null && theString == 'Hello') {

x = 3;

} else {

x = 4;

}

Variable Initialization:

Boolean isOK; → Declared but not initialized, so isOK is null.

Integer x; → Declared but not initialized.

String theString = 'Hello'; → Initialized to 'Hello'.

Evaluation of Conditions:

First Condition:

if (isOK == false && theString == 'Hello')

isOK == false → Since isOK is null, this evaluates to false.

Overall condition: false && true → false.

Second Condition:

else if (isOK == true && theString == 'Hello')

isOK == true → Since isOK is null, this evaluates to false.

Overall condition: false && true → false.

Third Condition:

else if (isOK != null && theString == 'Hello')

isOK != null → Since isOK is null, this evaluates to false.

Overall condition: false && true → false.

Else Block:

else {

x = 4;

}

Since none of the previous conditions are met, the else block is executed.

x is assigned the value 4.

Conclusion:

The variable x is assigned the value 4.

References:

Variable Initialization:

"Instance variables are initialized to null. Local variables are not initialized, so their value is undefined until you assign a value."— Apex Developer Guide: Variables

Conditional Statements and Null Values:

"In Apex, comparisons with null are straightforward. If you compare null to a value, the result is false."— Apex Developer Guide: Expressions

To create a custom user interface component that allows users to enter information about their accounts and validate user input before saving, the best technology is:

Option A: Lightning Web Components

Lightning Web Components (LWC):

LWC is a modern UI framework built on web standards, providing efficient performance and a rich set of base components.

Input Validation:

LWCs support client-side validation using standard HTML5 validation and custom validation logic.

Developers can use JavaScript to validate user input before saving data to the database.

User Experience:

LWCs provide a responsive and interactive user experience, which is essential for data entry components.

Declarative customizations in Salesforce refer to point-and-click configurations made through the Salesforce UI, such as creating objects, fields, workflows, and processes.

Option C: Declarative customizations automatically update with each Salesforce release.

True.

Explanation:

Declarative features are managed by Salesforce and are automatically updated and enhanced with each new release.

Users benefit from new features without needing to modify existing configurations.

Option B: Apex Flex Queue.

Monitors batch jobs waiting for execution.

Option C: Apex Jobs.

Shows all asynchronous Apex jobs, including batch and future methods.

Why Not Other Options:

Option A: Developer Console doesn't provide job status.

Option D: Paused Flow Interviews are unrelated to Apex jobs.

References:

Apex Jobs Monitoring:

"The Apex Jobs page displays information about all Apex jobs—batch jobs, future methods, scheduled Apex, and Apex test jobs."— Salesforce Help: Monitor Your Scheduled Jobs

To notify the parent component from a child component when a button is clicked:

Option C: Create a custom event

Explanation: In Lightning Web Components, child components communicate with parent components by dispatching custom events.

Child Component:

// ChildComponent.js

handleClick() {

const nextEvent = new CustomEvent('next');

this.dispatchEvent(nextEvent);

}

Parent Component:

javascript

Copy code

// ParentComponent.js

handleNext() {

// Navigate to the next page

}

To implement a process where every time an Opportunity is created, a follow-up Task should be created and assigned to the Opportunity Owner, the most efficient method is to use a Record-Triggered Flow on the Opportunity object.

Option B: Record-triggered flow on Opportunity

Declarative Solution: Salesforce Flows provide a powerful, declarative way to automate business processes without writing code.

Triggering Event: The flow is configured to trigger when a new Opportunity record is created.

Create Task Record: The flow includes an element to create a new Task record.

Set the Assigned To field to the Opportunity Owner.

Populate other Task fields as necessary (e.g., Subject, Due Date).

Efficiency: Flows are more efficient than Apex triggers for simple automation and are easier to maintain.

Best Practice: Salesforce recommends using Flows over Workflow Rules and Process Builders for new automations.

To allow moving existing OrderItem records to a new Order record in a master-detail relationship:

Option B: Select the Allow reparenting option on the master-detail relationship.

Explanation: Enabling "Allow reparenting" on the master-detail field allows child records (OrderItem) to be reparented to a different master record (Order).

Steps:

Go to the master-detail field on OrderItem.

Edit the field and select "Allow reparenting".

A polymorphic lookup field is a special type of lookup relationship field that can reference multiple object types.

Option C: The WhatId field on the standard Event object

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

The WhatId field on Event (and Task) can refer to multiple types of objects, such as Account, Opportunity, Custom Objects, etc.

This makes WhatId a polymorphic lookup field.

When creating a Visualforce page that uses a standard controller and a controller extension for a custom object named Notice__c, the correct syntax is:

Option D: apex

standardController="Notice__c" extensions="myControllerExtension"

Correct Syntax.

standardController attribute specifies the standard controller for the custom object Notice__c.

extensions attribute specifies the name of the Apex class myControllerExtension that extends the functionality of the standard controller.

Understanding the Scenario:

Trigger Definition:

trigger myTrigger on Contact (before insert) {

MyClass.myStaticMethod(trigger.new);

}

Test Class:

The test method calls MyClass.myStaticMethod directly.

Achieves 81% overall code coverage.

The trigger is not invoked during the test.

Key Points:

Code Coverage Requirements:

Minimum 75% Coverage: To deploy Apex code to production, all Apex classes and triggers must have at least 75% overall code coverage.

Trigger Coverage Requirement: All triggers must have some code coverage, meaning they cannot have 0% coverage.

When a batch Apex job is timing out and not completing, the first step in troubleshooting is to check the job's status and logs in the Asynchronous Job Monitoring page. This page provides information about all asynchronous Apex jobs, including batch Apex, scheduled Apex, future methods, and queueable Apex.

Option D: Check the asynchronous job monitoring page to view the job status and logs.

Correct Approach.

Explanation:

The Asynchronous Job Monitoring page (also known as the Apex Jobs page) in Salesforce Setup allows developers to see the status of all asynchronous Apex jobs.

By checking this page, the developer can see whether the batch job is still running, failed, or completed.

If the job has failed, the page provides error messages that can help identify the cause of the failure.

This is the first step to determine what is happening with the batch job.

The error message 'Maximum trigger depth exceeded' occurs when a trigger invokes itself recursively more than the allowed limit.

Option C: The trigger is getting executed multiple times.

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

This error indicates that the trigger is recursively calling itself.

This can happen if the trigger performs an update or insert operation that causes the same trigger to fire again, leading to an infinite loop.

Salesforce enforces a limit on the recursion depth to prevent stack overflows.

To support field-level security and sharing in a Lightning Web Component (LWC) form that collects Contact information, and to ensure that only certain fields are editable and viewable by specific user groups, the developer should use the appropriate base components that respect these security settings.

Option B: lightning-input-field

Correct Choice.

Explanation:

The lightning-input-field component is used within lightning-record-edit-form or lightning-record-view-form.

It automatically enforces field-level security and sharing rules.

It ensures that users only see and edit fields they have access to, based on their profile and permission sets.

To fire an exception in Apex, the developer must use the throw statement along with an instance of the exception.

Option A: throw new ParityException();

Correct Way.

Explanation:

Creates a new instance of ParityException with no message and throws it.

Syntax is correct for throwing an exception.

Option C: throw new ParityException('parity does not match');

Correct Way.

Explanation:

Creates a new instance of ParityException with a custom message and throws it.

The exception class inherits from Exception, which allows passing a message to the constructor.

Options Not Correct:

Option B: new ParityException('parity does not match');

Incorrect.

Explanation:

This statement creates a new instance of ParityException but does not throw it.

Without the throw keyword, the exception is not fired.

Option D: new ParityException();

Incorrect.

Explanation:

Similar to Option B, this creates a new instance but does not throw it.

The exception will not affect the flow unless it is thrown.

Conclusion:

The two ways the developer can fire the exception are:

Option A: throw new ParityException();

Option C: throw new ParityException('parity does not match');

Both use the throw statement to fire the exception.

When building the database layer of a Salesforce application using exclusively declarative development, the following options are relevant:

Option A: Roll-up summaries

Valid Declarative Tool.

Explanation:

Roll-up summary fields allow calculations (SUM, COUNT, MIN, MAX) on child records in a master-detail relationship.

They are created declaratively.

To address the view state limit error caused by loading over 10,000 records in a Visualforce page, the developer should implement pagination with a StandardSetController.

StandardSetController: This controller allows developers to easily paginate large sets of records in Visualforce pages.

"A StandardSetController object contains a reference to a list of records with pagination support, similar to the display in a list view."— Apex Developer Guide: StandardSetController Class

Benefits:

Efficient Data Handling: It retrieves only a subset of records at a time, reducing the amount of data held in view state.

Built-in Pagination: Provides methods to navigate through pages of records (next, previous, etc.).

View State Limit: Visualforce pages have a view state limit of 170KB. Loading all records at once exceeds this limit.

"To optimize your Visualforce pages, minimize your use of view state. The view state of a Visualforce page is limited to 170KB."— Visualforce Developer Guide: View State in Visualforce Pages

Why Not Other Options:

A. Implement pagination with an OffsetController: There's no standard OffsetController in Visualforce. Implementing custom pagination with offsets is less efficient and can be complex.

B. Use JavaScript remoting with SOQL Offset: While JavaScript remoting can reduce view state size, using SOQL OFFSET is not efficient for large offsets (over 2,000 records).

"When using OFFSET with a large number of records, performance degrades significantly."— SOQL and SOSL Reference: OFFSET Clause

D. Use lazy loading and a transient List variable: Lazy loading can help, but it doesn't solve the issue of handling large datasets efficiently. Transient variables reduce view state but do not manage data retrieval or pagination.

Conclusion: Implementing pagination with a StandardSetController is the recommended solution to handle large datasets efficiently in Visualforce pages and prevent view state limit errors.

In an Aura component, JavaScript functions can be included in the following resources:

Controller (.js file):

Handles events triggered by user interaction or component lifecycle.

Contains action handlers defined in the component's markup.

"A client-side controller contains the handler functions that are called in response to events fired by the component or other components."— Aura Components Developer Guide: Client-Side Controller

Helper (.js file):

Contains reusable functions that can be called from the controller or renderer.

Helps to keep the controller lean by abstracting complex logic.

"A helper JavaScript resource can be added to an Aura component bundle and is used to store helper functions that can be reused in the component's client-side code."— Aura Components Developer Guide: Helper Functions

Renderer (.js file):

Allows for custom rendering behavior.

Contains methods that can override default rendering lifecycle events.

"A renderer component bundle resource allows you to customize the rendering behavior of a component."— Aura Components Developer Guide: Custom Renderers

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

C. Style:

The .css file in an Aura component is used for styling and cannot contain JavaScript functions.

"An Aura component or application can have a style (CSS) resource to define its styles."— Aura Components Developer Guide: Style

E. Design:

The .design file is used to define metadata values for the component, especially when used in Lightning App Builder or Community Builder.

"A design resource describes the design-time behavior of an Aura component—information that visual tools need to display the component in a page or app."— Aura Components Developer Guide: Design Files

Conclusion: JavaScript functions in an Aura component can be placed in the Controller, Helper, and Renderer resources. Therefore, the correct answers are A, B, and D.

For integrating automated tests into a Continuous Integration (CI) process, the Universal Containers development team should use the Salesforce CLI.

Option C: Salesforce CLI

Salesforce CLI (Command Line Interface) is a powerful command-line tool that allows developers to script and automate various Salesforce tasks, including running tests, deploying code, and retrieving metadata.

Automated Testing:

Developers can use the sfdx force:apex:test:run command to run Apex tests and include it in their CI scripts.

Example Command:

sfdx force:apex:test:run --testlevel RunLocalTests --resultformat human --outputdir test-results

In the Model-View-Controller (MVC) architecture applied to a Lightning Web Component (LWC) that imports an Apex method:

Controller refers to the logic that handles input and interactions.

In this scenario, when a button is pressed, the method runs to execute complex validations.

Option C: Apex class

Part of Controller.

Explanation:

The Apex class contains the method that performs the complex validations.

It acts as the server-side controller logic.

Option A: Roll-up summary fields can cause the parent record to go through Save.

True.

When a child record changes, roll-up summary fields on the parent object are recalculated.

This causes the parent record to save, which can trigger triggers on the parent object.